Secondary education in the UK
Boarding schools in England have an excellent reputation for their high standards of teaching and learning, and almost all students go on to prestigious universities after graduation.
Secondary education in the UK is compulsory from the age of five to 18. Before that, parents can send their children to early childhood education or home-based institutions.
Once students enter the education system, parents discover the different types of schools (private or state-funded, religious or not, international, more or less strict, for special needs, etc.).
In fact, schools in England are of two types: they are either state schools or private schools. Overseas students can come to private schools on their own without their parents and live on the school premises. At state schools, overseas students can only study if their parents are legal residents of the UK. Schools in England have an excellent reputation for their high standards of teaching and learning, and almost all students go on to prestigious universities after graduation.
In the UK, all independent schools are considered private schools, and the terms are often used interchangeably. However, technically all independent schools are controlled by a board of governors or trustees, whereas other private schools may be run by their owner without any governing body. At these schools, pupils are not required to follow the national curriculum. They tend to have better facilities, better exam results, a wider range of extra-curricular activities and even a higher standard of teachers.
Secondary education in the UK consists of five main stages:
Key Stage 1 - for pupils aged 5 to 7. Key Stage
2 - for pupils aged 8 to 11.
Key Stage 3 - for pupils aged 11 to 14.
Key Stage 4 - for pupils aged 14 to 16.
Key Stage 5 - for pupils aged 16 to 18.
Secondary education in England begins at the age of five. In primary schools in the UK, children focus on the core subjects of maths, science and literacy. They must also study history, geography, technology, art and music and may take part in physical education and religious education.
Secondary education in England (including what they call grammar school in the UK, sixth form and 'college') lasts from five to 18 years. Students aged 12 to 16 attend grammar school. This stage of compulsory education is called 'lower secondary education' or GCSE. At the end of GCSE, students may choose to go into work or vocational training. Or they may go on to college or the Sixth Form (A-level), where 16- to 18-year-olds prepare for university.
At the age of 16, all students take a series of exams called the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), usually in 6-8 subjects, which must include English and mathematics. After completing their education, students move on to the A-Level programme (2 years), which is for students aged 16-18 (sometimes 19). It is the results of the A-Level exams that allow entry into British universities.
Once secondary education in England is completed, students are ready to continue their studies at higher education institutions. For those who wish to follow this path, the UK offers some of the best universities in the world.
Secondary education in England uses an alphabetical grading system to assess students’ achievement (i.e. A to U), similar to that used in the US. In this context, A means excellent/outstanding; B is above average; C is average; D and E are below average; and F and anything below are considered a failure.